Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about orthogonal and oblique cutting ppt. Pdf comparative study of chip formation in orthogonal and. A perfectly sharp tool will cut the metal on rack surface. Bda 3052 manufacturing technology example of problem in a machining operation that approximates orthogonal cutting, the cutting tool has a rake angle 10. Oct 16, 2010 this paper presents an analytical method based on the unequal division shearzone model to study the machining predictive theory. In orthogonal cutting, the cutting edge of the tool is at right angles to the direction of the relative motion between the tool and the work piece. Orthogonal cutting process an orthogonal metal cutting process for a controlled contact tool is depicted in figure 1 with labels illustrating the nomenclatures used in this paper. Orthogonal and oblique rotation methods definition. Machining can be defined as the process of removing material from a workpiece in the form of chips by a sharp cutting to leave the desired part shape. Pdf an experimental investigation of oblique cutting mechanics. It acts downward against the motion of the chip as it glides upwards along the tool face.
Factor analysis has been characterized as being at the heart of the score validation process. Finite element method, orthogonal metal cutting, remeshing. Chapter 20 fundamentals of machining orthogonal machining. What is the difference between oblique and orthogonal cutting.
Read online fundamentals of cutting iitk book pdf free download link book now. However oblique cutting distribute cutting forces to greater area thus increases tool life. In the shear zone, the material constitutive relationship is described by johnsoncook model, and the. There are two types of work tool motion in metal cutting operation. The chip flows in a direction normal to cutting edge of the tool. Various cutting parameters including tool, metal sheet and cutting process parameters have been investigated for shearing. What are the factors responsible for builtup edge in cutting tools. Cutting edge is 1 straight, 2parallel to the original plane surface on the work piece and 3perpendicular to the direction of cutting. Pictometry applies dem data to both its oblique and orthogonal frame images and does so using two different techniques. Figure 2015 orthogonal tube turning ott produces a twoforce cutting operation at speeds equivalent to those used in most oblique machining operations. For the 2d orthogonal mechanistic model we will ignore the longitudinal component 14. Briefly explain the effect of rake angle during cutting.
A shaper tool making orthogonal cutting, has a 10 degrees. An investigation into orthogonal and oblique cutting processes. Metal cutting, commonly called machining, is the removal of. Comparison between the orthogonal and oblique cutting. If the cutting face of the tool is at 90 o to the direction of the tool travel the cutting action is called as orthogonal cutting. This force is usually determined in experimental work, from the measurement of two orthogonal components. An eulerian reference coordinate is used to describe the steady state motion of the workpiece relative to a stationary cutting tool. However, orthogonal cutting is only a particular case of oblique cutting and. For the 2d orthogonal mechanistic model we will ignore the radial component f t a a c f. What are the objectives and functions of cutting fluids. Orthogonal machining twoforce model cutting tool geometry is simplified from the 3d oblique geometry to a 2d orthogonal geometry. Development of predictive force models for classical.
In this study, a process model for orthogonal cutting processes is proposed. Orthogonal and oblique rotation methods orthogonal and oblique are two different types of rotation methods used to analyze information from a factor analysis. However, since cutting mechanic behavior is two dimensional, generally orthogonal cutting method is used for the determination of the effects of machining parameters 1 to 3. Abstract the experimental results of orthogonal cutting of maple and. Two types of metal cutting used in industries orthogonal cutting and oblique cutting. Difference between orthogonal and oblique cutting mecholic.
Difference between orthogonal and oblique cutting orthogonal cutting in orthogonal cutting, the tool approaches the work piece with its cutting edge parallel to the uncut surface and at right angles to the direction of cutting. Deform2d they are given in tabular format, whereas thirdwave advantedge uses analytical. Oblique cutting in oblique cutting, chip flow deviates from the orthogonal plane. N, it at the tool chip interface normal to the cutting face of the tool and is provided by the tool. For a given feed and depth of cutting, the force acts on a small area as compared with oblique cutting, so tool life is less. Topic 3 material removal processcut theory orthogonal and. The wearland force and edge force are reconsidered by analysing the oblique cutting process and the. Transformation of the data from the orthogonal cutting test results to oblique cutting process is applied, and the results are compared with actual. Removal of unwanted material in the form of chips in order to. Difference between orthogonal and oblique cutting mech4study.
A single cutting edge inclined to the cutting velocity as in figure 2. Orthogonal cutting and oblique cutting mechanical education. Metal cutting, commonly called machining, is the removal. Jun 24, 2017 classical orthogonal and oblique cutting are the fundamental material removal or machining processes to which other practical machining processes can be related in the study and modelling of the machining processes. In orthogonal cutting process, the cutting edge is perpendicular 90 degree to the direction of feed. The effects of cutting speed and feed rate on buebul. There are two basic types of metal cutting by a single point cutting tool. View and download powerpoint presentations on orthogonal and oblique cutting ppt. A set of equations relating the tangential and feed forces to the tool edge width and feed rate chip thickness to calculate the chip and edge cutting force. Oblique cutting orthogonal cutting is also called as two dimensional cutting and oblique cutting is also called as three dimensional cutting. However, the shear angle predicted by the merchants model from the criterion of minimization of the cutting energy, does not generally agree with experimental data and numerical simulations. The experimental results of orthogonal cutting of maple and the modeling of the cutting mechanics are presented.
Factor analysis is a type of statistical procedure that is conducted to identify clusters or groups of related items called factors on a test. In on national culture frantz fanon pdf metal cutting, international research in production. This paper presents an analytical method based on the unequal division shearzone model to study the machining predictive theory. In virtually all applications of exploratory factor analysis, factors are rotated to better meet l. Fundamentals of cutting iitk pdf book manual free download. Orthogonal cutting is a type of metal cutting angle in which the direction of the cutting tool is perpendicular to the cutting edge. During machining, the material is removed in form of chips, which are generated by shear deformation along a plane called the shear plane. The tool cutting forces were measured for different feed rates. In orthogonal cutting, inclination of cutting edge of tool is perpendicular to the direction of tool travel. List the assumptions in calculating cutting force 2 what is orthogonal cutting and oblique cutting.
This cutting force coefficient model can be used for predicting cutting forces in milling, turning, boring, and drilling. The merchants model, as the most famous approach of orthogonal cutting, is widely used in introductive courses on machining. Topic 3 material removal processcut theory orthogonal. Orthogonal and oblique cuttingthe two basic methods of metal cutting using a single point tool arethe orthogonal 2 d and oblique 3d. The slight difference in cutting speed between the inside and outside edge of the chip can be neglected. Orthogonal cutting, oblique cutting, turning operations, flank wear, wearland force, cutting. There are many other differences which are describe below. Physics of cutting mechanics force, power tool materials design for manufacturing 2. In orthogonal frames, the raw image data is warped and rewritten as a regular rectangular grid. Orthogonal and oblique are two different types of rotation methods used to analyze information from a factor analysis. Orthogonal cutting in orthogonal cutting the tool approaches the work piece with its cutting edge parallel to the uncut surface and at right angle to the direction of cutting.
Download fundamentals of cutting iitk book pdf free download link or read online here in pdf. Simplified orthogonal machining inplane model of the cutting process. The merchants model of orthogonal cutting revisited. Calculate the shear plane angle and the shear strain in the operation.
An ale threedimensional model of orthogonal and oblique metal cutting processes olivier pantale, roger rakotomalala, maurice touratier l. Classical orthogonal and oblique cutting are the fundamental material removal or. Classical orthogonal and oblique cutting are the fundamental material removal or machining processes to which other practical machining processes can be related in the study and modelling of the machining processes. Cutting forces act on a smaller area of cutting surface on tool if orthogonal cutting is employed so it increases wear on tool tip. The basic and main difference between orthogonal cutting and oblique cutting is that in orthogonal cutting, the cutting edge of the tool is perpendicular to the direction of motion but in oblique cutting, the cutting edge makes an angle with the d. Turning forces for orthogonal model end view section aa note. Eric ed427031 orthogonal versus oblique factor rotation. Friction is found to be the most critical parameter in the simulation, since good agreement can be achieved for individual process variables by tuning it. The basic and main difference between orthogonal cutting and oblique cutting is that in orthogonal cutting, cutting edge of the tool is perpendicular to the direction of motion but in oblique cutting the cutting edge make an angle with the direction of motion.
Analytical prediction of cutting forces in orthogonal. Tool life in orthogonal cutting is less than tool life in. In orthogonal cutting operation, feed is at 90 degrees and it develops only two types of forces which are cutting force and thrust force which represents the 2d cutting action. A comprehensive analysis of the mechanics of cutting in the oblique cutting process is then carried out. In fourth part, straight angle cutting and oblique angle cutting process has been compared to find out impact of various parameters on straight angle cutting and shearing and how these may be differentiated. Analytical prediction of cutting forces in orthogonal cutting. The main cutting force is 3600 n and the feed thrust force is 2400 n. Orthogonal cutting takes placewhen the cutting face of the tool is 90 degree to the line of action ofthe tool.
In oblique cutting, the cutting edge is inclined but not. The simplest case of this is known as orthogonal cutting, in which the cutting edge is perpendicular to the relative cutting velocity between tool and workpiece, as shown in figure 2. List out the essential characteristics of a cutting fluid. The proposed model only requires workpiece material properties and cutting conditions to predict the cutting forces during the orthogonal cutting process. In orthogonal cutting, the radial force is zero, and it involves only two component of force.
The simple orthogonal cutting tests are conducted on a lathe for each workpiece material. However, the shear angle predicted by the merchants model from the criterion of minimization of the cutting energy, does not generally agree. Metal cutting could be done either by a single point cutting tool or a multi point cutting tool. Based on this analysis, predictive cutting force models for oblique cutting allowing for the effects of flank wear are proposed. I am working on the simulation of an orthogonal cutting of a titanium alloy using the sph for the workpiece and a fem for the toolwcco. Difference between orthogonal and oblique cutting tools. Mechanics of orthogonal cutting orthogonal cutting ideal orthogonal cutting is when the cutting edge of the tool is straight and perpendicular to the direction of motion. Difference between orthogonal and oblique cutting free download as word doc. A shaper tool making orthogonal cutting, has a 10 degrees rake angle. Nov, 2017 orthogonal cutting in the orthogonal cutting chip always flow along the orthogonal plane, in this video you will learn what is orthogonal machining and different angles in orthogonal machining. All books are in clear copy here, and all files are secure so dont worry about it. Kim 3 orthogonal cutting in a lathe rake angle shear angle t o. In conventional orthogonal cutting, the rake face angle. This site is like a library, you could find million book here by using search box in.
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